شرح قاعدة IF - english course

شرح قاعدة  IF

مع المضارع البسيط تأخذ             V1+will

If you study hard , you will pass the exam *

If she studies hard , she will pass the exam*

مع الماضي البسيط تأخذ         would+ V 1

If you studied hard , you would pass the exam *                   

مع الماضي التام تأخذ           would have + V3

If you had studied hard , you would have passed the exam 

The driver would have avoided the accident if he had been more careful

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شرح الـ If-Clauses - Conditional

النوع الأول و السهل: If Clause type 0

يستعمل في المجال العلمي، حيث يكون الشرط محقق بالتأكيد:

if + Simple Present, Simple Present

مثال

If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always equal.

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النوع الثاني: If Clause type 1

و في هذه الحالة قد يتحقق الشرط او لا، و هناك احتمال كبير لتحققه:

It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

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النوع الثالث: If Clause type 2

في هذه الحالة قد يتحقق الشرط و لكن تحققه احتمال بعيد جدا:

It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

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النوع الرابع: If Clause type 3

لا يمكن للشرط أن يتحقق لأنه في الماضي.

It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers

 

to the past

if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her a

invitation.

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